Glaucoma is an eye disease that can cause blindness. If caught early, however, it can usually be controlled. It often has no symptoms, so the best way to find it early is through regular, yearly eye exams. There are two types of glaucoma: open-angle and closed-angle. Open-angle glaucoma worsens slowly. It has no symptoms except for gradual vision loss and it often affects both eyes. Closed-angle glaucoma results in sudden, intense eye pain and usually only affects one eye at a time. Glaucoma usually begins when pressure builds up in the eye. The pressure can damage the optic nerve, which sends messages to the brain so you can see. When the optic nerve is damaged, vision loss occurs.

Who is at Risk? Anyone can get glaucoma, but some people are more likely to get it. Risk factors include the following:
• Increasing age
• African, Asian or Native Alaskan ancestry
• Family history of glaucoma
• Being very nearsighted or farsighted
• Health problems such as diabetes, heart disease or high blood pressure
• Long-term use of steroids or cortisone
• Previous eye injuries or surgeries

How is Glaucoma Treated?

Detecting and treating glaucoma early is key to saving your sight. Glaucoma can be treated with eyedrops, oral medications, laser procedures and surgery; your eye doctor will work with you to decide which options are best for you. Like with most medical conditions, glaucoma treatment includes some risks and the possibility of complications. You should discuss any concerns you may have with your doctor.